Conventional fire Protection System from Siemens

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Siemens Cerberus FIT

 Addressable 1-loop fire control panel

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Cerberus FIT

 A short video about Siemens Cerberus FIT. 

Maximize fire safety for small to medium-sized buildings

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Fire detection in critical ambient conditions

 

Siemens no false alarm Fire Detection

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Fire protection in student accommodation

Reducing the risk of fire-related incidents

Preventing false alarms due to deceptive phenomena and alerting people in the affected rooms before

hazardous fumes create a dangerous situation 

Siemens-FIT

Fire Safety from Siemens. 

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SWING: Wireless Fire Detection and Alarming from Siemens

 Radio fire detection is the ideal solution for rooms or buildings of historical value, with aesthetic or architectural restrictions or for temporary installations. Thanks to wireless technology, devices can be quickly and freely positioned and repositioned. This facilitates planning, allows for cost-efficient installation and offers a high level of freedom and flexibility should room usage or building structure change in the future.

Application examples for SWING

– Museums, historical sites, libraries

–  Hotel rooms, offices, convention halls

– Industrial rooms with changing usage

– Temporary installations like exhibition

Aspirating Smoke Detection from SIEMENS

 

Ceberus FIT – maximize fire safety

Aspiration Detection System from Siemens: INVISIBLY EFFICIENT

Fire Protection in a Data Centre

This video shows the technologies and actions of active fire safety systems in a typical Electronic Equipment area 

Fire Protection in Server Rooms

Server rooms are the heart of a company’s information structure. They are extremely critical assets because the loss of data can be devastating and one of the most important objectives of a company is business continuity. 
The constant presence of the ignition source (electricity) and combustible material put at stake people’s life and costly business critical assets. About 6% of infrastructure failures in data centers are related to fire.
The average loss for a data center due to downtime is approx. $7,300 per minute or $609,500 for one downtime event
Using the wrong fire safety concept might lead to a higher financial damage than a fire itself can cause. Highly sensitive fire detectors are able to detect even the lowest smoke concentrations which may be caused by a malfunction of an electric or electronic element, for example. In the event of a fire, the fire protection system needs to react reliably and appropriately, triggering a coordinated alarm which leads people out of the danger area
and activates extinguishing systems. An automated extinguishing system can provide optimal protection for sensitive electronic equipment – with specially designed nozzles not impacting on computer hard disk drives and people safe, environmentally friendly extinguishing agents. 

Data centers and server rooms are at the heart of the modern
business world. Millions of servers worldwide process ever-increasing quantities of data throughout a global network of several billion devices. Losing  data can be devastating for companies ‒ the potential consequences range from losing money and damage to their reputations to having to close down. To keep up the unlimited availability of data is most important and in the event of a fire, the damage needs to be kept to an absolute minimum. Thus, keeping a data center safe from fire means ensuring business continuity. 
Server rooms in which IT infrastructure is housed, have to comply
with a higher security standard. They are designed in such a way: 
• That only authorized personnel can access the room, which prevents vandalism. 
• That the room is a separate fire zone and therefore there is no direct risk of fire from a           neighboring area. 
• That the room is air-conditioned according to system requirements. 
• That the central systems are connected to an emergency power supply. 

Basic conditions

Objective
• Detecting an unusual aerosol concentration and informing a technician so that
the situation can be tackled with most appropriate measures (e.g. controlled shut down of the device). 
• In the event of a significant aerosol development pointing to an incipient fire, damage has to be minimized, e.g. by shutting down the systems and extinguishing the fire with an automated extinguishing system.
• If there is a fire in the server room, the spreading of the fire to other areas must
be prevented. 
• Timely alarming and evacuating of all people at risk.  
• Safe extinguishing to protect delicate electronic equipment, people and irreplaceable data. 
Typical Fire Hazards 
• Overload or short circuit of electrical components (e.g. switch or inverter power supply). 
• Failure of the cooling system so that electronic components overheat considerably (e.g. power supplies and power electronics). 
Typical development of a fire 
In a server room that exclusively contains electrical and electronic components and devices, there is a very typical development of a fire.  
• If electrical or electronic components overheat, small quantities of aerosol are generated. If the power supply is disconnected in this phase, no fire will develop and damage can be kept to a minimum. 
• If the power supply is not disconnected, a smoldering fire will develop during which visible smoke is generated increasingly. If such a fire is detected in an early stage, it can be extinguished without problems and damage is can be kept to a minimum. 
• If no appropriate measures are taken, the smoldering fire will develop into an open fire which will cause significant damage.
 Critical points
• An increased aerosol concentration has to be detected before a smoldering fire starts.  
• During a smoldering fire, only a little amount of heat is generated, meaning the
aerosols do not spread throughout the whole room. 
• If the systems are cooled with increased ventilation, the aerosol concentration is diluted significantly by high air flows. 
• The extinguishing process must not cause additional damage (e.g. water damage, destruction of electronic appliances, harming of hard disks due to a high noise level during a discharge). 
• The fire has to be contained in the server room.

Solution

Maximum availability of an electronic data processing system is crucial. It is therefore recommended that the data center has the highest level of fire and security protection in the building. Very early fire detection plays an integral part in data center fire protection. With the help of very fast detection, operators can quickly be informed about an event and all required technical and organizational measures can be started immediately. Fire prevention is ideally based on the interaction of different elements, amongst others: fire detection, evacuation, extinguishing and building management systems to prevent the development of the fire. The following things are critical: very fast and reliable detection, avoiding false alarms and providing the exact location in order to assure an appropriate response, like reliable extinguishing of the fire. The fire safety concept with the corresponding response

procedures must always be defined in cooperation with the experts responsible for the data center. National fire safety guidelines and recommendations have priority over the Siemens guidelines. 

As the lowest aerosol concentrations have to be detected in such an area, an ASD (aspirating smoke detection) with very high sensitivity is recommended for fire detection. If local regulations stipulate a multiple zone dependency (simultaneous alarm signals across two zones in the same area), in addition to the ASD a sensitive smoke detector has to be used as a minimum. An ASD can cover several hundred square meters. In this way, the

server room can be monitored with one system. If additional point type detectors are required, their number and position will depend on the size of the room and the ventilation conditions. 

In addition to the automatic fire detectors, a manual release button is installed so that the extinguishing system can also be triggered manually. 

Automated dry extinguishing systems (i.e. systems using inert gases or clean agents) provide best protection for delicate and expensive electrical and electronic equipment in IT rooms. But as a hard disk drive is noise sensitive and can be disrupted by the release of the extinguishing agent into the flooding zone, Siemens recommends using Silent Extinguishing for reducing the noise level during a discharge in order to ensure data integrity. For more information on Silent Extinguishing, please refer to our Whitepaper on www.siemens.com/sinorix. 

The system design of automated extinguishing systems depends strongly on the size of the room and the structural conditions.  

Aspirating Smoke Detection

Invisibly efficient
Aspirating smoke detectors continuously draw air samples from the areas requiring protection and evaluate them for the presence of smoke. They ensure reliable fire detection in demanding application areas, where the earliest possible fire detection is essential and business continuity is paramount. 
Innovative technology and outstanding reliability

The aspirating smoke detectors FDA221 and FDA241 from Siemens use two wavelengths to differentiate between smoke and deceptive phenomena. This enables increased detection reliability even in the most demanding environments. In addition, FDA221 and FDA241 can be directly integrated into a fire protection system from Siemens.

Application areas
Aspirating smoke detection for special applications

Aspirating smoke detectors are primarily used in areas where point detectors cannot, or have limited usage. These include inaccessible or restrictive areas like operating rooms, invisible detection in historical buildings, concealed detection e.g. in metro stations, parking garages or prisons.

SWING Siemens wireless Next Generation

With SWING, Siemens sets new safety standards in wireless fire alarm systems – by combining the highly reliable mesh technology for safe wireless transmission with the unique ASAtechnology™ for high detection reliability and system availability. SWING is the ideal solution for rooms or buildings of historical value, with aesthetic or architectural needs or for temporary installations.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zEq5c-rmPu4

Mesh technology – outstanding connection reliability

Mesh technology maximizes the reliability of the wireless network and communication. 

Since all wireless devices communicate with their neighbors, at least two redundant paths are 

always available to transmit information. To increase reliability even further, each wireless 

device has two frequency bands with several channels. In case of a disturbance, the network 

will mend itself by automatically changing the channel or frequency band or by rerouting the 

information via another neighboring device. That way, all information will always reach the 

gateway, making the wireless network as safe as a cabled one. Moreover, mesh technology 

enables large and powerful wireless networks: An installation with one gateway can have a 

radius of 60 m – spanning up to five floors. As all wireless devices are interlinked, the gateway 

does not require a direct connection to each and every one.

Fire in Tunnels

Fire incidents around the globe

• Transit and Passenger Rail Systems

On Nov 18, 1987, King’s Cross Station fire in London, 31 people were killed and 100 injured.

On Oct 28, 1995, Baku Subway in Azerbaijan, 289 people were killed and 265 severely injured in an accidental fire.

On Feb 18, 2003, Daegu Subway in South Korea, 198 people were killed and 146 injured in an arson attack.

• Road Tunnel Fires

On May 13, 1949, Holland Tunnel fire between New York and New Jersey injured 66 people.

On Apr 7, 1982, the Caldecott Tunnel fire in California killed 7 people and injured 2.

On Mar 24, 1999, Mont Blanc Tunnel fire between France and Italy, 37 people died in vehicles, and 10 more died trying to escape on foot. the fire burned for 53 hours.

On May 29, 1999, Tauern Tunnel fire in Austria killed 12 people and injured 49.

On Oct 24, 2001, the Gotthard Road Tunnel fire in Switzerland killed 11 people and injured many.

2010 Wuxi Lihu in China, 24 dead and 19 injured.

• Terrorist Attacks

The history has indicated that public transportation systems have become increasingly favored targets.

On Mar 20, 1995 Sarin gas attacks in the Tokyo subway killed 12 people and injured 50.

On Mar 11, 2004, commuter train bombings attacks in Madrid, Spain, killed 192 people and injured around 2000.

On Jul 7, 2005, London bombings, killed 52 people and injured over 700.

On Mar 22, 2016, Airport and Metro station bombings in Belgium, killed 32 civilians and injured over 300 people.

Efficient fire safety for wind turbines

By Hilmar Maas, Fire Safety Solutions Expert, Building Technologies Division, Siemens

A fire in a wind turbine can quickly turn dangerous for people and the environment,

particularly if the nacelle or rotors catch fire, as these are hard to reach for emergency personnel. From a business perspective, the potential consequential damages are considerable. To address these issues, Siemens has developed an automatic fire detection and extinguishing system for offshore wind turbines. The first of these systems was installed at the Riffgat Wind Farm in the North Sea.

Because of their design, wind turbines, especially offshore units, are difficult to

access in case of an incident. The generators and engineering systems are typically

located in the nacelle – a hundred meters or more above sea level. 

Fires in wind turbines have been rare. However, the technical failure of individual

mechanical or electrical components could lead to a fire, which would present major

problems for emergency personnel. Because wind turbines are difficult to access –

onshore as well as offshore – it is hard to prevent a fire from burning through the

entire turbine, particularly a fire in the nacelle. This means total loss of the wind 

turbine, with serious consequences. Repairs are very expensive if the entire generator system, nacelle or rotors have to be replaced. 

Calculation of batteries capacity for a Fire detection and alarm system

Today we post a simplified example for how the capacity of secondary batteries is calculated. For this example, the required duration is 24 hours in quiescent mode and five minutes (0.083 hours) in alarm mode. The calculation will be done for a specific system configuration with a specific quantity of devices and appliances. If the batteries are to be sized for full circuit loading (option 2), the list of initiating devices and notification appliances would be replaced with a listing of the circuits and their full load current capability.

EN54...some excerpts

Redundancy in high risk Fire Detection Systems